「辅导资料」2020年成人高考高起点英语语法误用汇总

      成考考试中英语也是非常让考生头疼的一个科目，除了需要记忆单词外，还有更麻烦的就是英语语法的学习。那么，英语中有哪些语法是经常被误用的呢？如：不定式、副词、所有格、虚拟语气、介词、分词等等，小编收集整理了这些英语语法的一些正误用法比较，考生可参考学习。
      不定式
      1、中文：为了准时，我们加快了步伐。
      (误)So as to be in time we hurried.
      (正)In order to be in time we hurried.(so as to只可放在句中，in order to可放在句首或句中。)
      2、中文：你说这些话真傻。
      (误)It"s very foolish for you to say so.
      (正)It"s very foolish of you to say so.(表示评价的形容词被带逻辑主语的不定式修饰时，介词要用of.)
      3、中文：你没有告诉他们永远不要做那件事吗?
      (误)Didn"t you ask them to never do that?
      (正)Didn"t you ask them never to do that?(never要放在to之前。)
      4、中文：你没有告诉他们永远不要做那件事吗?
      (误)Here is a new book for you to read it.
      (正)Here is a new book for you to read.(作形容词用法的带逻辑主语的不定式for you to read的宾语，实际上就是它所修饰的new book，其后不可再加宾语。)
      副词
      1、中文：这块石头太大了没人能举起它。
      (误)Here is a so big stone that no one can lift it.
      (正)Here is so big a stone that no one can lift it.(so是副词，修饰形容词，形式是so+形容词+a+单数可数名词。)
      2、中文：这花多美啊!
      (误)What beautiful the flower is!
      (正)How beautiful the flower is!(how用来修饰副词或形容词，而what用来修饰名词。)
      3、中文：这工作永远不会被完成。
      (误)This job will be never finished.
      (正)This job will never be finished.(频率副词在第一个助动词后。)
      4、中文：我的弟弟比我高多了。
      (误)My brother is very taller than I.
      (正)My brother is much taller than I.(very不能修饰比较级;much可以修饰比较级。)
      5、中文：我想我七点会在餐厅里见到她。
      (误)I think I"ll meet her at 7：00 at the restaurant.
      (正)I think I"ll meet her at the restaurant at 7：00.(地方副词在时间副词前。)
      6、中文：这房间对你够大的。
      (误)This room is enough large for you.
      (正)This room is large enough for you.(enough作副词，在被修饰的形容词后。)
      所有格
      1、中文：你做完功课了吗?
      (误)Have you done homework?
      (正)Have you done your homework?(表示做功课用do one"s homework.)
      2、中文：那些是我们老师的一些书。
      (误)Those are some books of our teacher.
      (正)Those are some books of our teacher"s.(应用双重所有格形式。)
      3、中文：这是我弟弟约翰的书。
      (误)This is my brother John book.
      (正)This is my brother John"s book.(John是brother的同位语，John的书用John"s book.)
      虚拟语气
      1、中文：我要是你，我不会那么做。
      (误)I shouldn"t do that if I was you.
      (正)I shouldn"t do that if I were you.(表示与现在事实相反的虚拟语气不能用was，只能用were.)
      2、中文：要是我父亲现在在这里，他会告诉我该做什么。
      (误)If my father were here now，he will tell me what to do.
      (正)If my father were here now，he would tell me what to do.(表示与现在事实相反的虚拟语气中，主句的助动词只能用would，might等过去时。)
      3、中文：要是我知道她的电话号码，我就会给她打电话了。
      (误)If I knew her telephone number，I would have called her.
      (正)If I had known her telephone number，I would have called her.(表示与过去事实相反的虚拟语气中，条件从句的动词要用过去完成时。)
      4、中文：要是昨天没下雨她也许会来。
      (误)If it had not rained yesterday，he might come.
      (正)If it had not rained yesterday，he might have come.(表示与过去事实相反的虚拟语气中，主句的动词要用助动词的过去时might，could等+HAVE+过去分词。)
      5、中文：我不认为我会失败，但要是我失败了，我会再努力。
      (误)I don"t think that I shall fail. But if I failed，I would try again.
      (正)I don"t think that I shall fail. But if I should fail，I would try again.(表示与将来事实相反的虚拟语气中，条件从句的动词用should加原形动词。)
      介词
      1.中文：琼斯先生住在皇后街十号。
      (误)Mr. Jones lives on 10 Queen Street.
      (正)Mr. Jones lives at 10 Queen Street.(at+门牌号，on+街道名称;两者同时出现以门牌号码为准。)
      2.中文：他喜欢在太阳下坐着。
      (误)He likes to sit under the sun.
      (正)He likes to sit in the sun.(在太阳下用介词in.)
      3.中文：面包是由麦子制成的。
      (误)Bread is made of wheat.
      (正)Bread is made from wheat.(由…制成，of用于成品保持原有性质;from用于成品不再保持原有性质。)
      4.中文：每个人都知道他。
      (误)He is known by everyone.
      (正)He is known to everyone.(be known to是习惯用法，表示为…所熟知。)
      5.中文：我们有麻烦。
      (误)We are with trouble.
      (正)We are in trouble.(有麻烦用in trouble.)
      6.中文：他将于七月五日去美国。
      (误)He will go to America in July 5.
      (正)He will go to America on July 5.(on与某一天连用。)
      7.中文：他将于七月五日去美国。
      (误)He left home in the morning of 11th.
      (正)He left home on the morning of 11th.(morning和某日连用时用on.)
      分词
      1、中文：他理发了。
      (误)He had his hair to be cut.
      (正)He had his hair cut.(have，get+宾语+过去分词表示使…被。)
      2、中文：他喜欢喝凉开水。
      (误)He likes to drink boiling water.
      (正)He likes to drink boiled water.(现在分词表示主动，boiling water指正在沸腾的水;过去分词表示完成，boiled water指沸腾过的水。)
      3、中文：由于做饭，他看上去累了。
      (误)He looked tiring with cooking.
      (正)He looked tired with cooking.(tiring表示令人疲倦的，tired表示人被弄疲倦了。)
      4、中文：我不能让别人明白我的意思。
      (误)I couldn"t make myself understand.
      (正)I couldn"t make myself understood.(过去分词表示被动，make myself understood表示使我被别人明白。)
      5、中文：昨天早上我上学时见到了我的一个朋友。
      (误)I was walking to school yesterday morning，I met a friend of mine.
      (正)Walking to school yesterday morning，I met a friend of mine.(前一句如作时间从句缺连词，后一句分词构句表时间。)